This case stems from a dispute over alleged evidence about the drawing of Florida’s congressional districts in 2012. As part of their lawsuit challenging how state officials drafted the state’s redistricting plan, the League of Women Voters of Florida and other critics asked to see documents held by Mr. Bainter, a political consultant, his company and two employees. Mr. Bainter argued he should not have to turn over the documents because they were protected by his First Amendment freedom of political association.